tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-69942264910540724052024-03-21T06:18:14.767-07:00Best Place In Malaysiaone of the most beautiful place in MalaysiaAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08782850613316924309noreply@blogger.comBlogger2125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6994226491054072405.post-6772253707350617242012-08-27T05:31:00.001-07:002012-08-27T06:52:15.773-07:00Top Flash Games<a href="http://bloggergadgets.net/funancgames/622.html#.UDtooNp_sxk.blogger">Top Flash Games on GamesForBlogger.com</a>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08782850613316924309noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6994226491054072405.post-88604610099622333992012-08-15T22:36:00.002-07:002012-08-15T22:36:20.311-07:00MOUNT KINABALU<img height="295" 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" 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<strong>Mount Kinabalu (</strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Malay</span></strong></a><strong>: Gunung Kinabalu) is a prominent </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain" title="Mountain"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">mountain</span></strong></a><strong> on the island of </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Borneo</span></strong></a><strong> in </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Southeast Asia</span></strong></a><strong>. It is located in the </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Malaysia" title="East Malaysia"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">East Malaysian</span></strong></a><strong> state of </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sabah</span></strong></a><strong> and is protected as </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinabalu_National_Park" title="Kinabalu National Park"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kinabalu National Park</span></strong></a><strong>, a </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">World Heritage Site</span></strong></a><strong>. Kinabalu is the highest peak in Borneo's </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocker_Range" title="Crocker Range"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Crocker Range</span></strong></a><strong> and is the highest mountain in the </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Archipelago" title="Malay Archipelago"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Malay Archipelago</span></strong></a><strong>.</strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-0"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">[1]</span></strong></a><strong> Mount Kinabalu is also the 20th most prominent mountain in the world by </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topographic_prominence" title="Topographic prominence"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">topographic prominence</span></strong></a><strong>.</strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-1"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">[2]</span></strong></a><strong><o:p></o:p></strong><br />
<strong>In 1997, a re-survey using satellite technology established its summit (known as Low’s Peak) height at 4,095 metres (13,435 ft) above sea level, which is some 6 metres (20 ft) less than the previously thought and hitherto published figure of 4,101 metres (13,455 ft).</strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">[3]</span></strong></a><strong><o:p></o:p></strong><br />
<strong>Mount Kinabalu includes the Kinabalu montane alpine meadows </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecoregion" title="Ecoregion"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">ecoregion</span></strong></a><strong> in the </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montane_grasslands_and_shrublands" title="Montane grasslands and shrublands"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">montane grasslands and shrublands</span></strong></a><strong> </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biome" title="Biome"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">biome</span></strong></a><strong>. The mountain and its surroundings are among the most important biological sites in the world, with over 4500 species of plant, 326 species of </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird" title="Bird"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">birds</span></strong></a><strong>, and 100 mammalian species identified. Among this rich collection of wildlife are famous species such as the gigantic </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafflesia" title="Rafflesia"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Rafflesia</span></strong></a><strong> plants and the </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orangutan" title="Orangutan"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">orangutan</span></strong></a><strong>. Mount Kinabalu has been accorded </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">UNESCO</span></strong></a><strong> World Heritage status.</strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-3"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">[4]</span></strong></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-4"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">[5]</span></strong></a><strong><o:p></o:p></strong><br />
<strong>Low's Peak can be climbed quite easily by a person in good physical condition and there is no need for </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountaineering" title="Mountaineering"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">mountaineering</span></strong></a><strong> equipment at any point on the main route. Other peaks along the </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massif" title="Massif"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">massif</span></strong></a><strong>, however, require </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_climbing" title="Rock climbing"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">rock climbing</span></strong></a><strong> skills.<o:p></o:p></strong><br />
<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Biology<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Significantly, Mount Kinabalu along with other upland areas of the Crocker Range is well-known worldwide for its tremendous </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botanical" title="Botanical"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">botanical</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology" title="Biology"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">biological</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species" title="Species"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">species</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">biodiversity</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> with plants of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Himalayan</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Australasian</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indomalaya" title="Indomalaya"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Indomalayan</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> origin. A recent botanical survey of the mountain estimated a staggering 5,000 to 6,000 plant species (excluding mosses and liverworts but including ferns),</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[3]</span></sup></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-5"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[6]</span></sup></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-6"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[7]</span></sup></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-7"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[8]</span></sup></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-8"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[9]</span></sup></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-9"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[10]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> which is more than all of Europe and North America (excluding tropical regions of Mexico) combined. It is therefore one of the world's most important biological sites.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[</span></b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Kinabalu&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Flora"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">edit</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">] Flora<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The flora covers the mountain in zones of different types of habitat as one climbs up, beginning with a lowland belt of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_fig" title="Common fig"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">fig</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> trees and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insectivorous" title="Insectivorous"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">insectivorous</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitcher_plants" title="Pitcher plants"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pitcher plants</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. Then between 2,600 to 3,200 m (8,530 to 10,499 ft) is a layer of short trees such the conifer </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dacrydium_gibbsiae" title="Dacrydium gibbsiae"><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dacrydium gibbsiae</span></i></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and dwarf shrubs, mosses, lichens, liverworts, and ferns. Finally many of the world's richest variety of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchid" title="Orchid"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">orchids</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> are found on the high rockier slopes.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><img src="https://encrypted-tbn0.google.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTEKv1xQJ9YDp_feW2nJFVRW25ooQApa3B6fVKSbo3egqkqbQG1bA" /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nepenthes_rajah.png" title="Enlarge"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><img alt="Description: http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.20wmf8/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" border="0" height="11" src="file:///C:/Users/Asus/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_2" width="15" /></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Large lower pitcher of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepenthes_rajah" title="Nepenthes rajah"><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Nepenthes rajah</span></i></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">These plants have high levels of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemism" title="Endemism"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">endemism</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (i.e. species which are found only within Kinabalu Park and are not found anywhere else in the world). The orchids are the best-known example with over 800 species including some of the highly-valued </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paphiopedilum" title="Paphiopedilum"><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Paphiopedilum</span></i></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypripedioideae" title="Cypripedioideae"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">slipper orchids</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, but there are also over 600 species of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fern" title="Fern"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ferns</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (more than the whole of Africa’s 500 species) of which 50 are found nowhere else, and the richest collection in the world for the <i>Nepenthes</i> pitcher plants (five of the thirteen are found nowhere else on earth) which reach spectacular proportions (the largest-pitchered in the world being the endemic </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepenthes_rajah" title="Nepenthes rajah"><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Nepenthes rajah</span></i></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">).</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[3]</span></sup></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-Kurata-10"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[11]</span></sup></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-11"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[12]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> The </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitic" title="Parasitic"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">parasitic</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafflesia" title="Rafflesia"><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rafflesia</span></i></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> plant, which has the largest single flower in the world, is also found in Kinabalu (particularly </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafflesia_keithii" title="Rafflesia keithii"><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rafflesia keithii</span></i></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> whose flower grows to 94 centimetres (37 in) in diameter),</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[3]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> though it should be noted that blooms of the flower are rare and difficult to find. Meanwhile another <i>Rafflesia</i> species, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafflesia_tengku-adlinii" title="Rafflesia tengku-adlinii"><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rafflesia tengku-adlinii</span></i></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, can be found on the neighbouring </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Trus_Madi" title="Mount Trus Madi"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mount Trus Madi</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and the nearby </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maliau_Basin" title="Maliau Basin"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Maliau Basin</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Its incredible </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">biodiversity</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> in plant life is due to a combination of several unique factors: its setting in one of the richest plant regions of the world (the tropical biogeographical region known as western </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malesia" title="Malesia"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Malesia</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> which comprises the island of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sumatra</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Malay Peninsula</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and the island of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Borneo</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">), the fact that the mountain covers a wide climatic range from near sea level to freezing ground conditions near the summit, the jagged terrain and diversity of rocks and soils, the high levels of rainfall (averaging about 2,700 millimetres (110 in) a year at park HQ), and the climatic instability caused by periods of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaciation" title="Glaciation"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">glaciation</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and catastrophic droughts which result in </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">evolution</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speciation" title="Speciation"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">speciation</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. This diversity is greatest in the lowland regions (consisting of lowland dipterocarp </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forests" title="Forests"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">forests</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, so called because the tree </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">family</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipterocarpaceae" title="Dipterocarpaceae"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dipterocarpaceae</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> are dominant). However, most of Kinabalu’s </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemism" title="Endemism"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">endemic</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> species are found in the mountain forests, particularly on </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultramafic" title="Ultramafic"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ultramafic</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> soils (i.e. soils which are low in phosphates and high in iron and metals poisonous to many plants; this high toxic content gave rise to the development of distinctive plant species found nowhere else).</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[3]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[</span></b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Kinabalu&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fauna"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">edit</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">] Fauna<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><img alt="File:Borneo Mount Kinabalu Moutain Squirrel Rat.jpg" height="150" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Borneo_Mount_Kinabalu_Moutain_Squirrel_Rat.jpg/800px-Borneo_Mount_Kinabalu_Moutain_Squirrel_Rat.jpg" width="200" /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Borneo_Mount_Kinabalu_Moutain_Squirrel_Rat.jpg" title="Enlarge"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><img alt="Description: http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.20wmf8/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" border="0" height="11" src="file:///C:/Users/Asus/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_4" width="15" /></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A mountain squirrel, probably </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundasciurus_tenuis" title="Sundasciurus tenuis"><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sundasciurus tenuis</span></i></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, from Mount Kinabalu<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The variety of plant life is also habitat for a great variety of birds and animals. There are some 326 species of birds in Kinabalu Park, including the spectacular </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinoceros_Hornbill" title="Rhinoceros Hornbill"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rhinoceros Hornbill</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_Serpent-eagle" title="Mountain Serpent-eagle"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mountain Serpent-eagle</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dulit_Frogmouth" title="Dulit Frogmouth"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dulit Frogmouth</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyebrowed_Jungle_Flycatcher" title="Eyebrowed Jungle Flycatcher"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Eyebrowed Jungle Flycatcher</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bare-headed_Laughingthrush" title="Bare-headed Laughingthrush"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bare-headed Laughingthrush</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. Twenty-four birds are mainly found on the mountain and one, the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornean_Spiderhunter" title="Bornean Spiderhunter"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bornean Spiderhunter</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, is a pure endemic. The mountain is home to some 100 mammalian species mostly living high in th trees, including one of the four great apes, the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orangutan" title="Orangutan"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">orangutan</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (though sightings of these are uncommon; estimates of its numbers in the park range from 25 to 120).</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[3]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Other mammals include three kinds of deer, the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayan_Weasel" title="Malayan Weasel"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Malayan Weasel</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <i>(Mustela nudipes)</i>, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriental_Small-clawed_Otter" title="Oriental Small-clawed Otter"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Oriental Small-clawed Otter</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <i>(Aonyx cinerea)</i>, and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopard_Cat" title="Leopard Cat"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Leopard Cat</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <i>(Felis bengalensis)</i>. Endemic mammals include the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Shrew" title="Black Shrew"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Black Shrew</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <i>(Suncus ater)</i> and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornean_Ferret-badger" title="Bornean Ferret-badger"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bornean Ferret-badger</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <i>(Melogale everetti)</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Endemic annelids number less than a dozen known species but include the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinabalu_giant_red_leech" title="Kinabalu giant red leech"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kinabalu giant red leech</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> that preys on various earthworms, including the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinabalu_giant_earthworm" title="Kinabalu giant earthworm"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kinabalu giant earthworm</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-12"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[13]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[</span></b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Kinabalu&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Threats and preservation"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">edit</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">] Threats and preservation<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The steep mountainsides with poor soil are not suitable for farming or for the timber industry so the habitats and animal life of Kinabalu remain largely intact, with about a third of the original habitat now degraded. Kinabalu Park was established in 1964 and the nearby mountains were protected as the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocker_Range_National_Park" title="Crocker Range National Park"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Crocker Range National Park</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> in 1984. However even national park status does not guarantee full protection, as logging permits were granted on Trus Madi in 1984.</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-13"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[14]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[</span></b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Kinabalu&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Geology"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">edit</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">] Geology<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><img alt="File:Summit of Mount Kinabalu.jpg" height="150" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Summit_of_Mount_Kinabalu.jpg/800px-Summit_of_Mount_Kinabalu.jpg" width="200" /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Summit_of_Mount_Kinabalu.jpg" title="Enlarge"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><img alt="Description: http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.20wmf8/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" border="0" height="11" src="file:///C:/Users/Asus/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_6" width="15" /></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Summit of Mount Kinabalu<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mount Kinabalu is essentially a massive </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluton" title="Pluton"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pluton</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> formed from </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granodiorite" title="Granodiorite"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">granodiorite</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> which is intrusive into </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rock" title="Sedimentary rock"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sedimentary</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrabasic_rock" title="Ultrabasic rock"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ultrabasic rocks</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and forms the central part, or core, of the Kinabalu massif. The granodiorite is intrusive into strongly folded strata, probably of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eocene" title="Eocene"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Eocene</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> to </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Miocene</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> age, and associated ultrabasic and basic </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rock" title="Igneous rock"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">igneous rocks</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. It was pushed up from the earth’s crust as molten rock millions of years ago. In </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological" title="Geological"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">geological</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> terms, it is a very young mountain as the granodiorite cooled and hardened only about 10 million years ago. The present landform is considered to be a mid-</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliocene" title="Pliocene"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pliocene</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> peneplain, arched and deeply dissected, through which the Kinabalu granodiorite body has risen in isostatic adjustment. It is still pushing up at the rate of 5 mm per annum. During the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pleistocene</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Epoch of about 100,000 years ago, the massive mountain was covered by huge sheets of ice and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaciers" title="Glaciers"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">glaciers</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> which flowed down its slopes, scouring its surface in the process and creating the 1,800-metre (5,900 ft) deep Low's Gully (named after </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Low" title="Hugh Low"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hugh Low</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">) on its north side. Its granite composition and the glacial formative processes are readily apparent when viewing its craggy rocky peaks.</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[3]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[</span></b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Kinabalu&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">edit</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">] History<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">British colonial administrator </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Low" title="Hugh Low"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hugh Low</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> made the first recorded ascent of Mount Kinabalu's summit plateau in March 1851. Low did not scale the mountain's highest peak, however, considering it "inaccessible to any but winged animals".</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-14"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[15]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> In April and July 1858, Low was accompanied on two further ascents by </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spenser_St._John" title="Spenser St. John"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Spenser St. John</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, the British Consul in Brunei.</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[3]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> The highest point of Mount Kinabalu was finally reached in 1888 by zoologist </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Whitehead_(explorer)" title="John Whitehead (explorer)"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">John Whitehead</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[3]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> British botanist </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilian_Gibbs" title="Lilian Gibbs"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Lilian Gibbs</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> became the first woman and the first botanist to summit Mount Kinabalu in February 1910.</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[3]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Botanist </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._J._H._Corner" title="E. J. H. Corner"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">E. J. H. Corner</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> led two important expeditions of the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Great_Britain" title="Royal Society of Great Britain"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Royal Society of Great Britain</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> to the mountain in 1961 and 1964.</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-P.26L-2"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[3]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinabalu_National_Park" title="Kinabalu National Park"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kinabalu National Park</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> was established in 1964. The park was designated a natural </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">World Heritage Site</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> in 2000.</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-15"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[16]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[</span></b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Kinabalu&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Climbing route"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">edit</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">] Climbing route<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 1pt;"><img alt="File:Path of Mount Kinabalu.jpg" height="150" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Path_of_Mount_Kinabalu.jpg" width="200" /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 1pt;"><img alt="File:Borneo Mount Kinabalu Mountain Top.jpg" height="150" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Borneo_Mount_Kinabalu_Mountain_Top.jpg/800px-Borneo_Mount_Kinabalu_Mountain_Top.jpg" width="200" /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mount Kinabalu climbing trail at lower elevations (left) and on the summit plateau (right)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Climbers must be accompanied by accredited guides at all times due to national park regulations. There are two main starting points for the climb: the Timpohon Gate (located 5.5 km from Kinabalu Park Headquarters, at an altitude of 1,866 metres (6,122 ft)),</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-climb-16"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[17]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesilau_Nature_Resort" title="Mesilau Nature Resort"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mesilau Nature Resort</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. The latter starting point is slightly higher in elevation, but crosses a ridge, adding about two kilometres to the ascent and making the total elevation gain slightly higher. The two trails meet about two kilometres before Laban Rata.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Accommodation is available inside the park or outside near the headquarters. Sabah Parks has privatized Mount Kinabalu activities to an organization called Sutera Sanctuary Lodges (also known as Sutera Harbour). The mountain may be climbed on a single day trip, or hikers may (usually) stay one night at Laban Rata Resthouse at 3,270 metres (10,730 ft) in order to complete the climb in 2 days, finishing the ascent and descending on the second day. The majority of climbers begin the ascent on day one of a two day hike from Timpohon gate at 1,866 metres (6,122 ft), reaching this location either by minibus or by walking, and then walk to Laban Rata. Most people accomplish this part of the climb in 3 to 6 hours. Since there are no roads, the supplies for the Laban Rata Resthouse are carried by porters, who bring up to 30 kilograms of supplies on their backs. Hot food and beverages are available at Laban Rata, but there is no hot water in the bathrooms and whilst the dining area is heated, the rooms are not. The last 2 kilometres (6,600 ft), from the Laban Rata Resthouse at 3,270 metres (10,730 ft) to Low's Peak (summit) at 4,095.2 metres (13,436 ft), takes between 2 and 4 hours. The last part of the climb is on naked granite rock.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Given the high altitude, some people may suffer from </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitude_sickness" title="Altitude sickness"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">altitude sickness</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and should return immediately to the bottom of the mountain, as breathing and any further movement becomes increasingly difficult.</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-MedicalProblems-17"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[18]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[</span></b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Kinabalu&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Low's gully"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">edit</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">] Low's gully<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Low's Gully (named after </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Low" title="Hugh Low"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hugh Low</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">) is a 1,800-metre (5,900 ft) deep gorge on the north side of Mount Kinabalu, one of the least explored and most inhospitable places on earth. In 1994 two British Army officers were severely criticised after having led a party of 10 adventurers that required extensive rescue efforts from both the RAF and the Malaysian army. Five members of the party were trapped for 16 days and did not eat for five days before being rescued. The breakaway party of five successfully completed the world's first descent of the gully in three days.</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu#cite_note-Indy_1994-18"><sup><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[19]</span></sup></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">[</span></b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Kinabalu&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tales"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">edit</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">] Tales<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><img alt="File:Kina Balu from Pinokok Valley.png" height="119" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Kina_Balu_from_Pinokok_Valley.png/800px-Kina_Balu_from_Pinokok_Valley.png" width="200" /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kina_Balu_from_Pinokok_Valley.png" title="Enlarge"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><img alt="Description: http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.20wmf8/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" border="0" height="11" src="file:///C:/Users/Asus/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_10" width="15" /></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">"Kina Balu from Pinokok Valley" - lithograph published in 1862<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><img alt="File:Mt. Kinabalu rock face, trick of the shadow, Dec 2011.jpg" height="147" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Mt._Kinabalu_rock_face%2C_trick_of_the_shadow%2C_Dec_2011.jpg" width="200" /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mt._Kinabalu_rock_face,_trick_of_the_shadow,_Dec_2011.jpg" title="Enlarge"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><img alt="Description: http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.20wmf8/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" border="0" height="11" src="file:///C:/Users/Asus/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_12" width="15" /></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A visual illusion of a rock face on Mt. Kinabalu. Caught on camera from a location in </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesilau" title="Mesilau"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mesilau</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, December 2011.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There are two stories that led to the main beliefs in the origin of the mountain's name.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The first derivation of the word Kinabalu is extracted from the short form for the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadazan_language" title="Kadazan language"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kadazan Dusun</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> word 'Aki Nabalu', meaning "the revered place of the dead".<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The second source states that the name "Kinabalu" actually means "Cina Balu" (which would fully mean "A </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_people" title="Chinese people"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Chinese</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Widow"). Due to the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistics" title="Linguistics"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">lingual influence</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> among the Kadazan Dusun of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sabah</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronunciation" title="Pronunciation"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pronunciation</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> for the word "cina" (chee-na) was changed to "Kina" (kee-na).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It was told that a Chinese prince, was cast away to </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Borneo</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> when his ship sank in the middle of the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">South China Sea</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. He was subsequently rescued by the natives from a nearby village. As he recovered, he was slowly accepted as one of the people of the village. Eventually, he fell in love with a local woman, and married her. Years went by, and he started to feel homesick. So he asked permission from his newly-found family to go back to China to visit his parents (the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_emperor" title="Chinese emperor"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Emperor</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and Empress of China). To his wife, he promised that as soon as he was done with his family duties in China, he would come back to Borneo to take her and their children back to China.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">When he made his return to China, he was given a grand welcome by his family. However, to his dismay, his parents disagreed with him about taking his Bornean wife back to China. Worse, they told him that he was already betrothed to a princess of a neighbouring kingdom. Having no choice (due to </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filial_piety" title="Filial piety"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">high respect towards his parents</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">), he obeyed with a heavy heart.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Meanwhile, back in Borneo, his wife grew more and more anxious. Eventually, she decided that she will wait for her husband's ship. However, since the village was situated far away from the coast, she couldn't afford to come to the shore and wait for him daily. Instead she decided to climb to the top of the highest mountain near her village, so that she could have a better view of the ships sailing in the South China Sea. Thus, she was then seen climbing up the mountain at every sunrise, returning only at night to attend to her growing children.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Eventually her efforts took their toll. She fell ill, and died at the top of the cold mountain while waiting for her husband. The </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_spirit" title="Nature spirit"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">spirit of the mountain</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, having observed her for years, was extremely touched by her loyalty towards her husband. Out of admiration for this woman, the spirit of the mountain turned her into a stone. Her face was made to face the South China Sea, so that she could wait forever for her dear husband's return.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The people in her hometown who heard about this were also gravely touched by this. Thus, they decided to name the mountain "Kinabalu" in remembrance of her. To them, the mountain is a symbol of the everlasting love and loyalty that should be taken as a good example by women.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Local legend among the people of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranau,_Malaysia" title="Ranau, Malaysia"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ranau</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, a district in Sabah, has it that </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=St._John%27s_Peak&action=edit&redlink=1" title="St. John's Peak (page does not exist)"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">St. John's Peak</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> was the stone which her body was turned into.<o:p></o:p></span></div><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08782850613316924309noreply@blogger.com3